An oncogene is a mutant gene that plays a role in cancer development

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A gene that has the potential to cause cancer is known as an oncogene. These genes are frequently altered or overexpressed in tumour cells. When vital functions are disrupted or fail, most normal cells will undergo a predetermined kind of fast cell death (apoptosis). An oncogene is a mutant gene that plays a role in cancer development. Oncogenes are known as proto-oncogenes when they are not altered and have a role in cell division regulation. Some oncogenes function similarly to the accelerator pedal in an automobile, causing a cell to divide. The activation of oncogenes involves genetic changes to cellular proto oncogenes. The consequence of these genetic alterations is to confer a growth advantage to the cell. Three genetic mechanisms activate oncogenes in human neoplasms: (1) mutation, (2) gene amplification, and (3) chromosome rearrangements.

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